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英语语法 动词的时态2

浏览次数: 126次| 发布日期:12-29 13:48:49 | 高中英语语法
标签:高中英语语法大全,高中英语语法总结,http://www.350xue.com 英语语法 动词的时态2,
   He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。
 3)瞬间动词,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如:
   I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。
 4)系动词,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如:
   You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。 

11.20 过去进行时
1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生。
3) 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如:
   My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.  我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤。
   It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时,正下着雨。
   When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。
典型例题
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. 
A. made  B. is making  C. was making  D. makes
 答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read;was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell
 答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell(fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。

11.21 将来进行时
1) 概念:表示将来某时进行的状态或动作,或按预测将来会发生的事情。例如:
   She'll be coming soon. 她会很快来的。
   I'll be meeting him sometime in the future. 将来我一定去见他。
注意:将来进行时不用于表示"意志",不能说 I'll be having a talk with her.
2)常用的时间状语有soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等。例如:By this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach. 明天此时,我正躺在海滩上呢。

11.22 一般现在时代替一般将来时
When, while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case (that), unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately等引导的时间状语从句,条件句中,用一般现在时代替将来时。例如: 
 He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京,就去看他姨妈。
典型例题
(1)He said he________me a present unless I_______ in doing the experiment.
  A. had not given; had not succeeded  B. would not give; succeeded
  C. will not give; succeed       D. would not give; will succeed.
  答案B. 在时间,条件或让步主语从句中一般不用将来时。本题有He said,故为过去式。主句用将来时,故选B. 此处用一般过去式代替了过去将来时。
(2) 表示现在已安排好的未来事项,行程等活动。例如:
  The museum opens at ten tomorrow. 博物馆明天10点开门。(实际上每天如此。)

11.23 一般现在时代替一般过去时
1 ) "书上说","报纸上说"等。例如:
  The newspaper says that it's going to be cold tomorrow. 报纸上说明天会很冷的。
 2) 叙述往事,使其生动。例如:
  Napoleon's army now advances and the great battle begins.拿破仑的军队正在向前挺进,大战开始了。

11.24 一般现在时代替现在完成时
1) 有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时,如hear, tell, learn, write , understand, forget, know, find , say, remember等。例如:
  I hear (= have heard) he will go to London. 我听说了他将去伦敦。
  I forget (=have forgotten) how old he is. 我忘了他多大了。
2) 用句型 " It is … since…"代替"It has been … since …"。例如:
It is (= has been) five years since we last met. 从我们上次见面以来,五年过去了。

11.25 一般现在时代替现在进行时。
在Here comes…/There goes…等句型里,用一般现在时代替现在进行时。例如:
  There goes the bell. 铃响了。

11.26 现在进行时代替将来时
1) 表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。例如: 
   Are you staying with us this weekend? 和我们一起度周末好吗?
   We are leaving soon.  我们马上就走。
2) 渐变动词,如get, run, grow, become, begin以及瞬间动词die等。例如:
   He is dying. 他要死了。

11.27 时态一致
  1) 如果从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实,则用现在时。例如:
  At that time, people did not know that the earth moves. 那时,人们不知道地球是动的。
  He told me last week that he is eighteen. 上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。
  2) 宾语从句中的,助动词ought, need, must, dare 的时态是不变的。例如:
  He thought that I need not tell you the truth. 他认为我不必告诉你真相。

11.28 时态与时间状语
时态 时间状语
一般现在时 every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday等
一般过去时 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now等
一般将来时 next…, tomorrow, in+一段时间, before+时间点等
现在完成时 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always, recently等
过去完成时 before, by+过去的时间, until, when, after, once等
过去进行时 this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening… when, while等
将来进行时 soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening

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英语语法 动词的时态2
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