《师说》同步素材——送桂州严大夫

中文注释　　English

　　韩愈（768－842），字退之，唐代大文学家，中唐文章革新运动的主将。他的文章，最受后人推崇，常和杜甫的诗相提并论。他的诗，想象奇特，气势雄伟，追求散文化的语言风格。韩愈还以爱护人才著名，诗人李贺、贾岛，都受过他的赏识和教益。

1.桂州严大夫——严漠，韩愈的朋友，当时被任命到桂州（现在在广西壮族自治区桂林市）去做地方官。

2.八桂——桂林的别称。

3.兹地——此地，指桂州。

4.输翠羽——向官司府缴纳翡翠鸟的羽毛充当赋税。翠羽在古代是一种名贵的装饰品。

5.飞鸾不假骖——不搭乘飞鸾驾的车子。飞鸾，给仙人驾车的凤凰一类的神鸟；假骖，搭乘车辆。

　　朋友要离开京城长安，到遥远的“山水甲天下”的桂林去上任了，诗人为他写诗送行。在这首送行诗中，诗人没有抒写离愁别绪，而是驰骋想象，赞美桂林风光之美，物产之盛。

　　诗人对朋友说：山水苍苍、林木森森的桂林，远在三湘之南。那里的江水绕山而行，宛如青绿的绸带；那里的山峰拔地而起，好似碧玉的发簪；那里珍禽无数，民刻多用美丽的翡翠羽毛缴纳官司税；那里果类繁多，家家自种黄柑，果实又大又甜。如今你到那里去任职，经游仙境还要胜过多少倍，就是鸾凤驾车请你上天，也不要随它去啊。

　　诗人把桂林形窬得这样美丽、富饶，令人神往，固然是反映了那里的实际情形，但他的用意却不只是赞美桂林的风光和物产，还要借以勉励朋友欣然前往，希望他到那里以后干出一番事业来。

　　“江作青罗带，山如碧玉簪”， 这是歌咏桂林山水的名句。两个精巧的比喻，抓住桂林青峰挺秀、绿水萦回景物特点，写得十分生动，美妙；最妙的是，它通过两样装饰性的衣物，将青峰绿水写成统一完整的形象，赋予自然景物以人的姿态和风韵，使佳林山水更显得俏丽妩媚，神采迷人。


  Han Yu（768-842）was a great writer and champion of the literary reform movement in the mid-Tang Dynasty.his literary works,highly praised by later generations,were always regarded at the same high level as the poetry of Du Pu,a famous Tang poet.His verses showed peculiar imaginations and forceful expressions with prose-like rhetorics.Han also taught and cared for some young poetic talents such as Li He and Jia Dao.

  Han's friend was appointed an official for Guizhou,now Guilin in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Before the official's departure from the imperial capital,Han wrote this poem to farewell his friend.In stead of the usual sadness at parting,the poet sang praise for the beautiful landscape of the richly-endowed Guilin.

  He said to his friend that three were picturesque mountains and charming rivers in Guilin which was located further south of Hunan Province.Circling the hills,the clear rivers wer like blue silk ribbons,and towering to the skies,the green hills were like emerald hairpins.So rich was the land that local people were paying official taxes with beautiful feathers of rare birds,expensive ornaments of the time;every family had orange trees full of big and juicy fruits at home.Now your posting there would be far better than a trip to the fairyland.Please did not leave Guilin even if you had been invited to ride in a Phoenix chariot to the heavenly paradise.

  Han's intention was not only to praise the charming land scape and rich natural resources of Guilin but also to encourage his friend to make his career a success in his new post.