语法复习冠 词

标签：高中英语语法大全,高中英语语法总结,http://www.350xue.com 语法复习冠 词,
（一）考纲要求
　　 考纲规定，冠词考查基本用法，包括定冠词与不定冠词，不定冠词a与an的区别；不用冠词的情况；习语中的冠词；特指与泛指等。
　　（二）命题导向
　　冠词规则的灵活运用是高考命题的一个热点，几乎每年高考题的单项选择或完形填空都有涉及冠词的题目，不定冠词和定冠词的一些特殊用法，习惯用法及不用冠词的情况是高考重点考查的知识点。
　　（三）基本用法
　　 当代语法把冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词（即不用冠词）三种。冠词是一种虚词，起限定作用，是最主要最典型的限定词，放在名词（或名词化的形容词分词）前面，说明其所指的人或物。
　　 1、定冠词的基本用法：
　　 ① 表示上文提到过的人或事物。如：I have bought a book. The book is very useful.
　　② 用于说话人与听话人心中都有数的人或事物。如：Close the window, please.
　　③ 用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the world等。
　　④ 用于表示方位的名词之前。如：the east, the right.
　　⑤ 用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如：the first, the tallest.
　　⑥ 用于形容词之前，使其名词化。如：the sick, the wounded.
　　⑦ 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。如：the United States, the United Nation.
　　⑧ 用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前。如：the Changjiang River, the East Lake.
　　⑨ 用于复数姓氏之前，表示"夫妇"或"全家"。如：The Smiths
　　⑩ 用于乐器的名词前。如：play the piano; play the violin.
　　⑾　发明物。如：The compass was invented in China.
　　⑿　年代名词前。如：He lived in the countryside in the 1970s.
　　　　⒀　固定词组中。如：in the morning(afternoon, evening), on the other hand , at the same time
　　2、不定冠词的基本用法：
　　① 泛指一个。如：There is a book on the table.
　　② 指人或事物的某一种类。如：His father is a driver. Longjing is a wonderful tea.
　　③ 指某一个人或事物，但不具体说明。如：My sister was saved by a PLA man in the fire.
　　④ 用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前，表示"每一"。如：We have meals three times a day.（我们一天吃三餐。）
　　⑤ 表示同样的。如：They are of an age.（他们是同岁。）
　　⑥ 表数量，相当于one,但语意较弱。如：There is a pen and two books on the desk.
　　　　⑦ 使抽象名词具体化。如：The little girl is a help to her mother. （a hand译"帮手"）
　　　　⑧ 固定搭配。如：as a matter of fact , in a hurry, in a word
　　3、不用冠词的情况：
　　① 表示总称的复数名词之前。如：Children love cartoons.（儿童喜欢卡通影片。）
　　② 不含普通名词的专有名词前。如：We are studying English.
　　③ 名词前有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时。如：I like this picture; I do not have any money; As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.
　　④ 季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。如：She likes spring most.
　　⑤ 呼语前不用冠词。如：What shall I do next, Mother?
　　⑥ 三餐饭前不用冠词。如：What did you have for lunch?
　　⑦ 节假日前不用冠词。如：People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.
　　⑧ 球类和棋类运动的名称前不用冠词。如：She is fond of playing basketball.
　　⑨ 在一些成对出现的短语中不用冠词。如：arm in arm（手挽手）; hand in hand（手牵手）; side by side（肩对肩）; day and day（日日夜夜）; young and old（老老少少）; from door to door（挨门挨户）; from beginning to end（从头到尾）; from morning till night（从早到晚）等。
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　　练习（一）、冠 词
　　1. In America, ____ car is ____ popular means of transportation（交通设施）.
　　 A. the, the B. a, the C. the, / D. the, a
　　2. ---- What happened? ---- They left in such ____ hurry that they forgot to lock ____ door.
　　 A. a, a B. a, the C. /, the D. /, a
　　3. There were two small rooms in the house, ____ smaller of which served as ____ kitchen.
　　 A. a, the B. the, a C. the, the D. a, a
　　4. I ordered ____ book some time ago. ____ book has arrived.
　　 A. a, The B. the, A C. a, A D. /, The
　　5. Mr Smith is ____ European and his wife is ____ American.
　　 A. an, an B. a, a C. a, an D. an, a
　　6. Lesson 10 is ____ most difficult lesson, but it isn't ____ most difficult lesson in Book One.
　　 A. a, a B. a, the C. the, the D. the, a
　　7. My sister works in a factory. She goes home once ____ month. A. a B. an C. the D. every
　　8. He was absent because he had caught ____.
　　 A. heavy a cold B. the heavy cold C. a heavy cold D. heavy cold
　　9. ____ water is ____ liquid. A. The, a B. A, a C. /, / D. /, a
　　10. In winter ____ people often hang up wet clothes near ____ fire.
　　 A. /, / B. a, a C. /, a D. the, a
　　11. He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have ____ third try.
　　 A. a B. the C. another D. other
　　12. He was a top student in the class, he often got ____ in English.
　　 A. first B. a first C. second D. the second
　　13. ____ horse is ____ useful animal. A. The, the B. The, a C. The, an D. /, a
　　14. Tom left Shanghai in ____.
　　 A. the summer 1995 B. summer 1995 C. 1995 the summer D. the summer of 1995
　　15. ____ children here live ____ most happy life. A. The, the B. The, a C. The, / D. /, the
　　16. The soldier died during ____ World War I. A. the B. the first C. / D. a
　　17. In ____ Marx began to learn Russian.
　　 A. a 1870 B. 1870s C. the year of 1870 D. the 1870s
　　18. Alice is ____ of the two girls. A. taller B. the tall C. more tall D. the taller
　　19. ---- Can your sister play ____? ---- No, but she can play ____.
　　 A. the tennis, the piano B. tennis, piano C. the tennis, piano D. tennis, the piano
　　20. The introduction is always in ____ of a book.
　　A. front B. the front C. a front D. instead
　　21. She touched her daughter gently ____ shoulder.
　　 A. in her B. on her C. in the D. on the
　　22. Both ____ wounded and ____ sick were sent to safety.
　　 A. /, / B. the, the C. /, the D. the, /
　　23. ____ doctors and ____ nurses should care for their patients.
　　 A. The, the B. /, / C. The, / D. /, the
　　24. Tell us the story as ____ Mother told you. A. a B. the C. an D. /
　　25. Do you know how long ____ has lived on the earth?
　　A. man B. the man C. a man D. men
　　26. The man was once thrown into ____ prison for robbing the bank. A. a B. an C. the D./
　　27. ____ Mount Tai is in the east of China. A. A B. The C. / D. That
　　28. I like ____ history. I am studying ____ history of China.
　　 A. the, / B. /, the C. a, / D. /, a
　　29. He wrote a letter ____ pencil. A. with B. in C. in a D. use a
　　30. On October 1, the Chinese people celebrated ____ with new achievements and victories.
　　 A. National Day B. the National Day C. our National Day D. a National Day
　　
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　　练习（二）、冠 词
　　1. ---You mean you know the man? 　---I know________ man exactly like him.
　　　　 A. other 　 B. the 　 C. / 　 D. a
　　2. Wouldn't it be_________ wonderful world if all nations live in ________peace with one another?

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语法复习冠 词