语法复习十一：助动词与情态动词

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　　11、will的基本用法
　　(1)用于各人称，可以表示"意志"或"决心"，如：I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen. (2)在疑问句中用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿，如：Will you please tell me how to get to the Capital Gymnasium? (3)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有"总是"或"会要"之意，如：Every morning he will have a walk along this river.
　　12、would的基本用法
　　 (1)would作为will的过去式，可用于各人称，表示过去时间的"意志"或"决心"，如：He promised he would never smoke again. (2)在疑问句中，用于第二人称，表示说话人向对方提出请求或许问对方的意愿时，比用will的气更加婉转，如：Would you like some more coffee? (3)在日常生活中，学用"I would like to…"表示"我想要"或"我愿意"之意，以使语气婉转，如：I would like to do Ex.2 first. (4)would可以表示过去的习惯动作，比used to正式，并没有"现已无此习惯"的含义。如：Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class. / During the vacation he would visit me every week. (5)表料想或猜想，如：It would be about ten when he left home./ What would she be doing there?/ I thought he would have told you about it.
　　13、used to, had better, would rather的用法
　　(1)used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变，例如：He told us he used to play foot ball when he was young. 在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式。疑问句：Did you use to/ Used you to go to the same school as your brother? 否定句：I usedn't to / didn't use to go there. (usedn't 也可写作usen't)；否定疑问句：Usen't you to/ Didn't you use to be interested in the theatre? 强调句：I certainly used to/ did use to smoke, but it was a long time ago.；其反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式：She used to be very fat. didn't she?/ use(d)n't she? Did you use to play chess? Yes, I did./ Used you to get up early in the morning? Yes, I did./ used to. (2)had better意为"最好"，后接不带to的不定式，例如：---- We had better go now . ---- Yes, we had (we'd better/ we had better)./ Hadn't we better stop now? (Had we better not stop now?)/ I think I'd better be going. (用于进行时态，表"最好立即")/ You had better have done that (用于完成时态，表未完成动作) 注：had better用于同辈或小辈，对长辈不可用。(3)would rather意为"宁愿"，表选择，后接不带to的不定式，例如：I'd rather not say anything./ Would you rather work on a farm?/ ---- Wouldn't you rather stay here? ---- No, I would not. I'd rather go there. 由于would rather表选择，因 而后可接than，例如：I would rather work on a farm than in a factory. / I would rather watch TV than go to see the film/ I would rather lose a dozen cherry trees than that you should tell me one lie./ I'd rather you didn't talk about this to anyone. (句中的 'd rather不是情态动词，would 在此是表愿望的实义动词)
　　练习、助动词与情态动词
　　1. If they _________ to do this work, he might do it some other way.
　　 A. were B. should C. will D. can
　　2. I was told yesterday that the company _________ me to Rome next week for a business conference.
　　 A. should have sent B. were going to send C. should be sending D. should send
　　3. Let's take a walk, ________? A. will we B. don't we C. do we D. shall we
　　4. He was a good swimmer so he _________ swim to the river bank when the boat sank.
　　 A. could B. might C. should D. was able to
　　5. I went to the doctor's yesterday, I had to wait for half an hour before he ________ see me.
　　 A. can B. may C. might D. could
　　6. ---- _________ this book be yours? ---- No, it ________ not be mine. It ________ be his.
　　 A. Can, must, may B. May, might, must C. Can, may, must D. Must, can, may
　　7. "We didn't see him at the lecture yesterday. " "He _________ it. "
　　 A. mustn't attend B. can't have attended C. would have not attended D. needed have attended
　　8. They _________ the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason.
　　 A. can have missed B. may have missed C. can have lost D. may have lost
　　9. Since the ground is white, it _________ last night.
　　A. had snowed B. must have snowed C. must be snowing D. must have been snowing
　　10. You must be fifty, ________?
　　 A. mustn't you B. needn't you C. aren't you D. mnyn't you
　　11. You must have seen him off yesterday, _________?
　　 A. haven't you B. didn't you C. mustn't you D. needn't you
　　12. ---- That must be a mistake. ---- No .it _________ be.
　　 A. can't B. isn't able to C. can D. was able to
　　13. He had known the matter before you told him, so you _________ have told it to him.
　　 A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. shouldn't
　　14. How ________ so?
　　 A. dare you to say B. dare you say C. do you dare say D. dare to say
　　15. You are their teacher. You _________ care of them.
　　 A. should to take B. might to take C. ought to take D. need to take
　　16. She is studying medical science now but she _________ a lawyer.
　　 A. used to be B. would be C. were D. had been
　　17. If you were in an English-speaking country, you, too, _________ English every day.
　　 A. will be used to speak B. will be used to speaking
　　 C. must be used to speak D. would be used to speaking
　　18. I did not call to make my airline reservation (预订) but I _________.
　　 A. should have B, may have C. must have D. shall have
　　19. As a girl, she _________ get up at six every day.
　　 A. would B. will C. might D. should
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　　20. Don't you remember that we _________ to the cinema tonight?
　　 A. would go B. go C. are going D. will be gone
　　21. ---- Shall I tell John about it? ---- No, you _________. I've told him already.
　　 A. needn't B. wouldn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't
　　22. "Would you mind if I open the window?" "__________".
　　 A. I don't like it B. Yes .please C. No, please D. No. I'm sorry
　　23. "Would you tell me something about the affair?" "__________".
　　 A. Yes .please B. All right C. Not at all D. I do
　　24. M:________?
　　 T:I'd love to, but I'm afraid I have no time."
　　 M:0h, no. You'll surely come over.
　　 T: It's very nice of you. But I'm sorry I have to go to a meeting.
　　 A. Do you have lunch out in a restaurant B. Shall I have you with me at my birthday
　　 C. Did you go to see the film D. Have you enjoyed yourself at the party
　　25. "You ought to have come here ten minutes ago?" "Yes, I _________. "
　　 A. ought to B. ought to have C. ought D. have ought to
　　26. "Would you like to go out for a walk?" "Yes, ___________. "
　　 A. I'd like to B. I'd like C. I'll like to D. I would
　　27. ________ you succeed !
　　 A. Can B. May C. Must D. Will

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语法复习十一：助动词与情态动词